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90 BC| c. 400 BC–AD c. 250 | Central America [everyday life] | The Late Formative (or pre-Classic) period of Mayan culture takes place in Mexico. By 400 BC, large structures have been built at several sites in the tropical lowland jungle. In the highlands, people begin to put up large clay platforms, some the basis for temples and others for elite houses, flanking open plazas. | | c. 200 BC–AD c. 200 | South America [religion] | During this period the Nazca Lines are drawn in the desert along the south coast of Peru. These are enormous stylized outlines of animals, including a monkey, whale, spider, and hummingbird, and sets of parallel lines, some as long as 20 km/12 mi. They are believed to be a development of Chavín de Huantar art; they may have had religious significance, or they may have been connected with astronomy. | | 90 BC–88 BC | Rome [Roman Social War (90 BC)] | Rome is seriously threatened during the Social War by the Italians, who establish a federal capital at Corfinium, east of Rome. The Senate, with an apprehensive eye on the threat of King Mithridates VI the Great of Pontus, compromises. While giving command in Campania to the Roman consul for 88 BC Lucius Cornelius Sulla, it offers the Italians, with only a few provisos, what they are fighting for: Roman citizenship. | | c. 90 BC | Rome [medicine] | The Roman scholar Marcus Terentius Varro writes that disease is caused by the entry of imperceptible particles into the body – the first enunciation of germ theory. |
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