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dwarfism| Abnormally short stature. The most common form is achondroplasia an inherited disorder in which the limbs fail to reach a normal length. The achondroplastic dwarf has short limbs but a head and trunk of normal size. |
| In pituitary dwarfism there is a deficiency of growth hormone; the pituitary dwarf is physically well proportioned but may be sexually underdeveloped. Intelligence is not affected. |
| Approximately 90% of achondroplasia cases occur where there is no family history, as a result of a mutation on chromosome 4. The fathers of these children tend to be older than average. The mutation is a dominant trait so it will be passed on to any children. |
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