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Anaximenes

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Anaximenes (lived c. 587-c. 527 BC)

Greek cosmologist and pre-Socratic philosopher. He originated the important idea that one substance could account for the diversity of the world (monism). This substance was air or mist. Rarefied, it became fire; condensed, water and earth.

Anaximenes was born in Miletus, Asia Minor. He was the teacher of Anaxagoras. He seems to have chosen air or mist as the basic substance because of its apparent connections with fire, rain, and breath in living creatures.
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The baffled intellect must still kneel before this cause, which refuses to be named,-- ineffable cause, which every fine genius has essayed to represent by some emphatic symbol, as, Thales by water, Anaximenes by air, Anaxagoras by (Nous) thought, Zoroaster by fire, Jesus and the moderns by love; and the metaphor of each has become a national religion.
Essays, Second Series by Emerson, Ralph Waldo View in context
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