Andrews, Stephen (Pearl) (1812–1886)

US abolitionist, linguist, and social thinker. Andrews became an anti-slavery campaigner (‘abolitionist’) while practising law in Louisiana. He was an active member of the abolitionist movement in the 1830s and 1840s, travelling to England to raise funds for the cause. In England, Andrews became interested in the Pitman shorthand writing system, and he subsequently combined his passion for linguistics with his work for the abolition movement. From the late-1840s, he concentrated his energies on the establishment of utopian communities, propounding the idea of an ideal society called ‘Pantarchy’.