Antiochus IV (c. 215–164 BC)

King of Syria from 175 BC, known as Antiochus Epiphanes, the Illustrious, son of Antiochus III. He occupied Jerusalem about 170 BC, seizing much of the Temple treasure, and instituted worship of the Greek type in the Temple in an attempt to eradicate Judaism. This produced the revolt of the Hebrews under the Maccabees; Antiochus died before he could suppress it.

Antiochus IV (lived 1st century AD)

King of Commagene (a region of northern Syria), son of Antiochus III. He was made king AD 38 by Caligula, who deposed him immediately. He was restored 41 by Claudius, and reigned as an ally of Rome against Parthia. He was deposed on suspicion of treason 72.