Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl and 2nd Marquess of Argyll (1629–1685)

A Royalist, he was imprisoned by Cromwell 1657–60. After the Restoration he was raised to favour and high position by Charles II, but he opposed the Test Act which required public office holders to declare their belief in Protestantism, and was tried for treason and condemned to death 1681. He escaped to Holland and there agreed to the Monmouth plot. Returning to Scotland, he tried to raise the Campbells, but failed and was captured and beheaded.