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Schopenhauer, Arthur |
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Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788–1860)German philosopher. His The World as Will and Idea (1818), inspired by Immanuel Kant and ancient Hindu philosophy, expounded an atheistic and pessimistic world view: an irrational will is considered as the inner principle of the world, producing an ever-frustrated cycle of desire, of which the only escape is aesthetic contemplation or absorption into nothingness. Having postulated a world of suffering and disappointment, he based his ethics on compassion. His notion of an irrational force at work in humans strongly influenced both the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche and the founder of psychiatry, Sigmund Freud. The theory also struck a responsive chord in the composer Richard Wagner, the German novelist Thomas Mann, and the English writer Thomas Hardy. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| This legend makes ideas the secondary result of acts rather than their source, or what the nineteenth-century German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer called the representations of a generalized prerational will. Hoffmann, or Arthur Schopenhauer originally tried to strengthen instrumental music against the (Italian) operatic tradition. Among the more important of his many sources was Arthur Schopenhauer, who argued that aesthetic contemplation was the only way to negate the inevitable suffering caused by the blind impulsion of the will--though Schopenhauer was sceptical about opera. |
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