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Austin, J(ohn) L(angshaw) (1911–1960)| British philosopher, a pioneer in the investigation of the way words are used in everyday speech. His later work was influential on the philosophy of language. |
| According to Austin's theory of speech acts, there are three kinds: locutions, or the uttering of meaningful sentences; illocutions, or what one does in saying things, such as stating, promising, urging; and perlocutions, or what one does by saying things, such as persuading, frightening, embarrassing. |
| His lectures Sense and Sensibilia and How to do Things with Words were published posthumously in 1962. |
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