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Berlinguer, Enrico

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Berlinguer, Enrico (1922–1984)

Italian communist who freed the party from Soviet influence. Secretary general of the Italian Communist Party from 1972, by 1976 he was near to the premiership, but the murder in 1978 of former prime minister Aldo Moro by Red Brigade guerrillas prompted a shift in popular support towards the socialists.

A leading spokesperson for ‘national communism’, he sought to adapt Marxism to local requirements and to steer away from slavish obedience to Moscow. The rift between the Italian Communist Party and the Soviet Union widened during the late 1970s and early 1980s, when Berlinguer heavily criticized the Soviet Union's policies of intervention in Afghanistan and Poland.



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