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Bernard of Clairvaux, St

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Bernard of Clairvaux, St (1090–1153)

Christian founder in 1115 of Clairvaux monastery in Champagne, France. He reinvigorated the Cistercian order, preached in support of the Second Crusade in 1146, and had the scholastic philosopher Abelard condemned for heresy. He is often depicted with a beehive. Canonized in 1174. His feast day is 20 August.

Unlike Abelard, he had a deeply mystical approach to belief, and wrote many books on spirituality, the most influential being On Loving God. It is generally believed that his intense devotion to the Virgin Mary and the infant Jesus prepared the way for a new strain of spirituality known as devotio moderna.



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