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Bikini Atoll

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Bikini Atoll

Atoll in the Marshall Islands, western Pacific, where the USA carried out 23 atomic- and hydrogen-bomb tests (some underwater) from 1946 to 1958.

The islanders were relocated by the USA before 1946. Some returned after Bikini was declared safe for habitation 1969, but they were again removed in the late 1970s because of continuing harmful levels of radiation. In 1990 a US plan was announced to remove radioactive topsoil, allowing 800 islanders to return home.



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In early 1954 then Secretary of State John Foster Dulles announced a policy of massive retaliation, stating, "Local defenses must be reinforced by the further deterrent of massive retaliatory power" On March 1, 1954, the United States detonated a seventeen-megaton hydrogen bomb at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
After fifty years, do we remember our humanity? by Krieger, David / The Humanist
It covers Peyssonnel's and Ellis's early studies of the (perfectly named) coral "zoophytes," and Darwin's Theory of Subsidence, which was hotly disputed by several prominent figures, but finally substantiated by the immensely deep cores drilled by the United States Geological Survey in Enewatak and Bikini Atoll lagoons, in preparation for their atomic bomb tests in 1947.
The Great Barrier Reef: History, Science, Heritage by Foale, Simon / Pacific Affairs
The show was dominated physically and metaphorically by Dominic McGill's Model for a Deathwish Generation, 2002, a simmering diorama of Bikini Atoll set between the two hulking hemispheres of a hydrogen device, as abominable and Ozymandian as The Bomb itself.
Best of 2004: 13 critics curators look at the year in art by Artforum International
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