Bowles, Samuel (1939– )

US economist. Bowles graduated from Yale University and then taught at Harvard University before joining the faculty of the University of Massachusetts in Amherst in 1974 as a professor of economics. He is currently emeritus professor at Amherst, professor of economics at the University of Siena in Italy, and research professor and director of the behavioural sciences programme at the Santa Fe Institute. He has published extensively since the late 1960s in the economics of human resources, recent books including Inequality, Cooperation and Environmental Sustainability (2007), Moral Sentiments and Material Interests: The Foundations of Cooperation in Economic Life (2005), and Foundations of Human Sociality: Economic Experiments and Ethnographic Evidence from 15 small-scale societies (2004).