Calkins, Mary Whiton (1863-1930)

US psychologist. During the 1890s, she conducted research on memorization-by-association at Harvard and was influenced by William James. She was a personality theorist who described the self as an integral unit that could be studied in its many variables.

She was born in Hartford, Connecticut. She studied at Harvard and taught at Wellesley College 1887-1929. She was often called ‘the first lady of psychology’.