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Caloris Basin
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Caloris Basin

Vast impact feature on the surface of Mercury. It consists of a series of concentric circular mountain ranges up to 1,300 km/807 mi in diameter and 2 km/1.2 mi high. It is believed to have been caused by the impact of a giant asteroid early in the life of the Solar System and was discovered by the Mariner 10 spacecraft in 1974.



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? Mentioned in ? References in periodicals archive
 
Some researchers concluded that Mercury's thin atmosphere of sodium and potassium may have formed from material that diffused up through fractures in the planet's crust rather than from meteorite impacts, judging from spectral measurements showing that more of these elements seemed to be present when a huge surface feature called Caloris Basin was in view (136: 311).
Science News of the year by Science News
that about ten times as much potassium showed up in Mercury's spectrum when Caloris was in view as when the big basin was out of sights.
Mercury's atmosphere: an inside source? by Eberhart, J. / Science News
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