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Cathar| Member of a sect in medieval Europe usually numbered among the Christian heretics. Influenced by Manichaeism, they started about the 10th century in the Balkans where they were called ‘Bogomils’, spread to southwestern Europe where they were often identified with the Albigenses, and by the middle of the 14th century had been destroyed or driven underground by the Inquisition. |
| The Cathars believed that this world is under the domination of Satan, and men and women are the terrestrial embodiment of spirits who were inspired by him to revolt and were driven out of heaven. At death, the soul will be reincarnated (whether in human or animal form) unless it has been united through the Cathar faith with Christ. |
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| McDonnell tells her fictional story using three French characters: Etienne, Abel (a Jew), and Blanche (a Cathar, or heretic). The force of Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie's account of the Cathar villagers of early fourteenth-century Montaillou and the Friulian miller's cosmography in Carlo Ginzburg's The Cheese and the Worms are both directly attributable to the sheer rarity of the insights they afforded into lost mentalities. The American Humanist Association joined in one of the supportive amicus briefs with the Unitarian Universalist Association, Americans for Religious Liberty, the Episcopal Diocese of Newark, the Society for Humanistic Judaism, the Congress of Secular Jewish Organizations, the Cathar Church, and twenty nine clergy and scholars representing Unitarian Universalist, Episcopal, United Methodist, Presbyterian, United Church of Christ, Jewish, Catholic, and Baptist traditions. |