Charles Albert (1798–1849)
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A contemporary painting of Charles Albert, king of Sardinia from 1831 to 1849. Although he is thought to have contributed to the final unity and independence of the state of Italy – his son became Italy's first king as Victor Emmanuel II – he also effectively delayed it through his indecision and his attempts to obtain special conditions for Sardinia.
King of Sardinia from 1831. He showed liberal sympathies in early life, and after his accession introduced some reforms. On the outbreak of the 1848 revolution he granted a constitution and declared war on Austria. His troops were defeated at Custozza and Novara. In 1849 he abdicated in favour of his son Victor Emmanuel and retired to a monastery, where he died.
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