Charles Edward Stuart (1720–1788)

British prince, grandson of James II and son of James, the Old Pretender. In the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 (the Forty-Five) Charles won the support of the Scottish Highlanders; his army invaded England to claim the throne but was beaten back by the Duke of Cumberland and routed at Culloden on 16 April 1746. Charles fled; for five months he wandered through the Highlands with a price of £30,000 on his head before escaping to France. He visited England secretly in 1750, and may have made other visits. In later life he degenerated into a friendless drunkard. He settled in Italy in 1766.

With a price of £30,000 on his head, Charles Edward fled to France, eventually settling in Italy 1766.