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coefficient of relationship
(redirected from Coefficient of relatedness)

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coefficient of relationship

Probability that any two individuals share a given gene by virtue of being descended from a common ancestor. In sexual reproduction of diploid species, an individual shares half its genes with each parent, with its offspring, and (on average) with each sibling; but only a quarter (on average) with its grandchildren or its siblings' offspring; an eighth with its great-grandchildren, and so on.

In certain species of insects (for example honey bees), females have only one set of chromosomes (inherited from the mother), so that sisters are identical in genetic make-up; this produces a different set of coefficients. These coefficients are important in calculations of inclusive fitness.



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In theory, heritabilities, being the proportion of total variance attributable to genetic causes, are constrained to fall between zero and one, but statistical estimates can fall outside of this interval caused by sampling errors and the fact that heritability is calculated by multiplying the observed among-family variance component by the reciprocal of the coefficient of relatedness to estimate the numerator of the proportion (Falconer & Mackay 1996), magnifying estimation errors.
Can selective breeding reduce the heavy metals content of Pacific ... by Evans, Sanford, III / Journal of Shellfish Research
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