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collective farm |
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collective farmFarm in which a group of farmers pool their land, domestic animals, and agricultural implements, retaining as private property enough only for the members' own requirements. The profits of the farm are divided among its members. In cooperative farming, farmers retain private ownership of the land. Collective farming was first developed in the USSR in 1917, where it became general after 1930. Stalin's collectivization drive 1929–33 wrecked a flourishing agricultural system and alienated the Soviet peasants from the land: 15 million people were left homeless, 1 million of whom were sent to labour camps and some 12 million deported to Siberia. In subsequent years, millions of those peasants forced into collectives died. Collective farming is practised in other countries; it was adopted from 1953 in China, and Israel has a large number of collective farms (see kibbutz). How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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In 1991, when collective farms were given just six months to change status, "people in the village held round table talks to discuss the future of the farm," said Ludolf von Maltzan, who heads today's business. This volume analyzes the role of low-level political and economic functionaries in the organization and management of the collective farms of East Germany and in the implementation and development of agricultural policy from the agitation campaigns of the "Socialist Spring" in 1960 to the development of industrial-scale agriculture during the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on the district of Erfurt. Up to two million people were executed or died of starvation and overwork as the Khmer Rouge regime emptied Cambodia's cities, exiling the population to vast collective farms in its bid for a communist utopia. |
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