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collective farm |
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collective farmFarm in which a group of farmers pool their land, domestic animals, and agricultural implements, retaining as private property enough only for the members' own requirements. The profits of the farm are divided among its members. In cooperative farming, farmers retain private ownership of the land. Collective farming was first developed in the USSR in 1917, where it became general after 1930. Stalin's collectivization drive 1929-33 wrecked a flourishing agricultural system and alienated the Soviet peasants from the land: 15 million people were left homeless, 1 million of whom were sent to labour camps and some 12 million deported to Siberia. In subsequent years, millions of those peasants forced into collectives died. Collective farming is practised in other countries; it was adopted from 1953 in China, and Israel has a large number of collective farms (see kibbutz). How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| Collective farms were broken up and farmers were given long-term leases to the land they lived on (though all property is still officially owned by the government), and they were allowed to sell surplus food. Collective farms, like of food) other land users , are obliged to make effective and thrifty use of the land and to increase its fertility. For three generations, agriculture consisted of huge and unwieldy collective farms that took their orders from Moscow. |
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