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tsar
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tsar

Russian imperial title in use from 1547 to 1721, derived from the Latin caesar, the title of the Roman emperors.

Ivan (IV) the Terrible, the grand duke of Muscovy, was crowned the first tsar of Russia in 1547. In 1721 Peter (I) the Great officially changed the title to ‘emperor of all Russia’ as part of his efforts to reorganize and modernize his country on Western lines. However, the title of ‘tsar’ continued in popular use for subsequent Russian rulers until Nicholas II was deposed by the Russian Revolution in 1917.



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? Mentioned in ? References in periodicals archive
 
The tide of history had rolled over the last of the Russian Czars.
The last Czar Nicholas II: the heir of Russia's once powerful Romanov ... by Brown, Bryan / Junior Scholastic
Starting in 1885, 50 eggs were made as Easter presents by Peter Cart Faberge, the famed Russian jeweler, for Czars Alexander III and his son, Nicholas II, who was overthrown in 1917.
Nine jewel-encrusted Faberge eggs by New York Times Upfront
The sole exception to that rule, perhaps, was the czars intelligence service.
Putin's Precursors by Murawiec, Laurent / The National Interest
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