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Dayton

City in southwestern Ohio, USA, on the junction of the Great Miami and Stillwater rivers, 75 km/47 mi north of Cincinnati; seat of Montgomery County; population (2000 est) 166,200. It is the centre of an agricultural region and the hub of a large metropolitan area; industries include the manufacture of motor vehicle parts, business machines, household appliances, and electrical equipment. It has an aeronautical research centre and was the home of aviators Wilbur and Orville Wright.

History

Dayton was first settled by Europeans in 1796, and incorporated as a town in 1805, as a city in 1841. The city was named after one of the signatories of the American constitution, Gen Jonathan Dayton (1760-1824). It developed as a river port after the opening of the Miami-Erie Canal in 1829. James Ritty (1837-1918) invented the cash register here in the 1880s. Dayton has 93 entries on the national register of historic places.

Dayton is the seat of the Air Force Institute of Technology (1919), the University of Dayton (1850) and Wright State University (1964). It is the site of the Aviation Hall of Fame, and Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (which has the US air force museum) is nearby. Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1904), the first African-American to achieve national recognition as a poet, was born and died in Dayton.

Dayton

Town and administrative headquarters of Rhea County, southeast Tennessee; population (1990) 5,700. It is situated 58 km/36 mi northeast of Chattanooga, on Richland Creek, and to the northwest of Chickamauga Lake. It is a trade centre; tourism is also important to the local economy.

Founded as Smith's Crossroads in 1820, the town was renamed in 1895 after Dayton, Ohio. From 10-21 July 1925 the town's courthouse was the site of the Scopes monkey trial of biology teacher John Scopes. The William Jennings Bryan College was founded in Dayton in 1930 as a Memorial to one of the prosecuting attorneys, who died five days after the completion of the trial.

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