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Dong Biwu (1886–1975)| Chinese communist politician, vice-president 1959–67. After the communist victory in 1949, he became a vice premier and, before becoming vice-president in 1959, was chief justice of the Supreme People's Court 1954–59. A member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Politburo from 1938 until his death, Dong, unusually for a moderate within the CCP, escaped being purged during the 1966–69 Cultural Revolution. |
| A founding member of the CCP in 1921, he studied in Moscow 1927–31, and returned to China to work closely with Mao Zedong in the Jiangxi soviet (people's republic). Dong participated in the Long March from Jiangxi to northern China 1934–35 and during the 1937–45 war against Japan liaised between the CCP and the Kuomintang (Guomindang, nationalist) government of Jiang Jie Shi (Chiang Kai-shek). |
| Born in Hubei province, into a landless gentry family, Dong received a classical education and studied in Japan 1913–18, after the Republican Revolution of 1911. |
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