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Drang nach Osten| The historical desire of Germany for territorial expansion in the east. The idea was revived by 19th century nationalists, and Germany tried to put it into effect in the two world wars. The term includes both conquest in Eastern Europe and the extension of German influence towards the Gulf. |
| In World War I the Germans secured communication and commerce with Istanbul in Turkey, and also with the cities of Damascus, Mecca, Jerusalem and Baghdad, and won short-lived hegemony over Eastern Europe in the Treaty of Brest Litovsk 1918. In World War II, German armies overran Eastern Europe again, invaded Russia, and also threatened Egypt and Persia. |
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