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encomienda
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encomienda

In colonial Spanish America, the granting of Indian people as slaves to individual conquistadors (settlers) by the Spanish crown.

The system was based on the assignment of Moorish villages to members of the military orders in medieval Castile, but was revived in the colonies from 1503, with the idea that native labour was exchanged for protection. Abuses led reformers such as Bartolomé de las Casas (1474-1566) to call for its abolition. It declined slowly after 1550, being replaced by repartimiento, another system of forced labour.



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First, the Franciscans were highly critical of the military conquest of the Indians and of the encomienda system in general.
Review essay: recent work on early Western Mexico and the revival of ... by Nesvig, Martin / Journal of Social History
These infections appear to have been aggravated by the extreme climatic conditions of the time and by the poor living conditions and harsh treatment of the native people under the encomienda system of New Spain.
Megadrought and megadeath in 16th century Mexico by Therrell, Matthew D. / Emerging Infectious Diseases
It is part of a region which was depopulated through recurrent plagues of European diseases from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, a tragedy made worse by the encomienda system which granted Indian land to the Spanish and concentrated the indigenous population in villages obliged to pay taxes in crops and forced labor.
Why did Chiapas revolt? by Rapone, Anita / Commonweal
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