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Espírito Santo| Maritime state in eastern Brazil; area 45,597 sq km/17,605 sq mi; population (1996) 2,802,707. Its capital and chief port is Vitória. The coastal area is low-lying, hot, and humid, while the interior is mountainous and forested. The entire state was formerly heavily forested, but the woodlands have now been largely felled. Cattle-ranching is an important occupation. The state's principal products are coffee, sugar, corn, fruit, and timber. |
| The state was first occupied by the Portuguese in 1535. |
| There are two biological reserves in the state: the Sooretama Biological Reserve, established in 1943, and the Nova Lombarcha Biological Reserve, established in 1955. The latter houses a unique hummingbird sanctuary. |
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