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Fertile Crescent
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Fertile Crescent

Region of the Middle East stretching from the Gulf to the Nile Valley, and including the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. The name comes from the extensive irrigated cultivation of crops in this area, which in ancient times had a more moderate climate suitable for agriculture. It gave rise to the earliest human culture (dating from around 8000 BC) and was the birthplace of several ancient empires, including those of Sumer, Assyria, and Persia.

The term ‘Fertile Crescent’ was made popular by the eminent US scholar of the Middle East, James Henry Breasted.



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