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Fifth Monarchy Men
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Fifth Monarchy Men

17th century millenarian sect, particularly strong in Wales, which believed that the rule of Christ and his saints was imminent. The sect's name derives from a prophesy in the Book of Daniel that four ancient monarchies (Assyrian, Persian, Macedonian, and Roman) would precede Christ's return. The movement thrived during the interregnum of the 1650s and originally supported Oliver Cromwell until his increasing role seemed at odds with their principals. Subsequently they were persecuted and, despite an abortive rising in London January 1661, they disappeared with the Restoration.



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In Venner's two risings in 1657 and 1661 and in the texts that supported them, A Standard Set up and The Door of Hope, it is rather clear that these Fifth Monarchists more than Trapnel and her followers "took on the role of an organizing oppositional vanguard for small producers and the poor" and revealed "a vision of power from below.
Ehud's Dagger: Class Struggle in the English Revolution by Farr, James R. / Journal of Social History
Nevertheless, as David Loewenstein shows, radicals -- Republicans, Levellers, Diggers, and Fifth Monarchists -- justified the king's trial and execution on the grounds that he had tried to supplant Parliament, subvert the laws, deprive subjects of their rights and privileges, and extend his power to all aspects of church and state.
The Royal Image: Representations of Charles I by PATTERSON, W. B. / Renaissance Quarterly
In "The Uses of Hebrew in the English Revolution", Smith argues that the fusion of Puritan religious beliefs and their political agenda during the 1640s and 1650s made the incorporation of Hebrew into speech and writing or "Hebraicized English" a political issue--a competition between Fifth Monarchists and the Protectorate government for the interpretation of prophecies and divine truth through ancient religious words.
Language, Self, and Society: A Social History of Language by LoPatin, Nancy / Journal of Social History
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