spectrum
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As a storm recedes and the sun begins to shine, a rainbow appears in the sky. Rainbows are created when countless drops of water in the air, each acting as a tiny prism, split sunlight into the wavelengths of the visible spectrum.
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A prism (a triangular block of transparent material such as plastic, glass, or silica) is used to split a ray of white light into its spectral colours.
In physics, the pattern of frequencies or wavelengths obtained when electromagnetic radiations are separated into their constituent parts. Visible light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum and most sources emit waves over a range of wavelengths that can be broken up or ‘dispersed’; white light can be separated (for example, using a triangular prism) into red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The visible spectrum was first studied by English physicist Isaac Newton, who showed in 1666 how white light could be broken up into different colours.
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