Now eighteen years old, he wrote on his resume that he was kidnapped at the age of five by RENAMO, the rebel group, and was kidnapped two years later from RENAMO by FRELIMO, the current government group.

It took more than two years of negotiations to arrive at a peace accord between the FRELIMO government and the RENAMO guerrilla movement.

His reading of the literature and his field data sometimes misses the mark on issues pertaining to life on the southern side of the Rovuma River--for example, he tends to speak of "the Makonde" as a cohesive group in reference to periods that predate the emergence of such a collective sense of identity; and he neglects almost completely to talk about the influence of FRELIMO nationalism and socialism on Makonde society in both Mozambique and Tanzania.