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Gallas, Matthias (1584–1647)| Austrian general, distinguished in the Thirty Years' War. He fought under the German general Wallenstein, then intrigued against him and after the latter's assassination succeeded to his command in 1634, winning a notable victory at Nördlingen, Bavaria. Archduke Leopold superseded him in 1638. |
| Gallas's army earned a reputation for cruelty and licence. |
| Gallas first served with the Spaniards in Savoy in 1617, then with the army of the Catholic League, and was major general of the forces which captured Mantua, Italy, in 1629. He commanded under Wallenstein in Bohemia, fighting against the Swedes at Nuremberg and Lutzen in 1632. |
| He was in command again in 1642, but was defeated by the Swedish commander Torstenson at Magdeburg in 1644. |
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