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Gallic War (50 BC) - events| 58 BC | Rome, Gaul | The Roman statesman and general Julius Caesar begins his campaign to subdue Ariovistus, leader of the Germanic Suevi in northern Gaul, advancing through the Belfort Gap. Ariovistus, with a Teutonic army said to be 120,000 strong and stationed between the Vosges mountain range and the River Rhine, is defeated in a battle near modern Colmar. The Germans move back to the Rhine, and Ariovistus dies soon afterwards. | | 56 BC | Rome, Gaul | The Breton tribe of the Veneti revolt in Gaul during the absence of the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar, and several other tribes are restless. Caesar sends lieutenants to deal with the Aquitani in the southwest, to watch the Belgae and Germans in the north, and to Normandy, while he moves against the Veneti, defeating them in a naval battle in Quiberon Bay. He takes savage deterrent action against them, executing their councillors and selling the population into slavery. | | 54 BC | Rome, UK, Gaul | The Roman proconsul Julius Caesar returns to Britain with five legions and Gallic cavalry. He marches inland and receives the submission of the Trinovantes in Essex. He then defeats the Belgic chiefs under Cassivellaunus, chieftain of the Catuvellauni, in his stronghold near modern Wheathampstead in Hertfordshire. Cassivellaunus sues for peace and Caesar, having shown his strength, returns to Gaul where, in his absence, the Gauls have revolted and the Roman army has suffered a reverse near Liège. | | 52 BC | Rome, Gaul | The Gauls unite in revolt under a young Celtic prince, Vercingetorix, of the tribe of the Arverni. The Roman statesman and general Julius Caesar defeats Vercingetorix and forces him into the hill town of Alesia, which he besieges. Caesar then defeats the Gallic relief force, perhaps a quarter of a million strong, and Vercingetorix surrenders and is taken captive. The battle and siege of Alesia are Caesar's greatest military success in Gaul. |
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