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Guillaume, Charles Edouard

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Guillaume, Charles Edouard (1861–1938)

Swiss physicist who studied measurement and alloy development. He discovered a nickel-steel alloy, Invar, which showed negligible expansion with rising temperatures. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1920 for his discovery of anomalies in nickel-steel alloys.

As the son of a clockmaker, Guillaume came to appreciate early in life the value of precision in measurement. He spent most of his life at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Sèvres, France, which established the standards for the metre, litre, and kilogram.



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