Gujrat

City in the northern part of the Punjab province, Pakistan, some 100 km/60 mi north of Lahore; population (1998) 251,800, (2007 calc) 315,800. The city is the commercial centre for a large irrigated area between the Chenab and Jhelum rivers which produce wheat, millet, and vegetables. Other products include cotton, pottery, brassware, electrical goods, footwear, and furniture. It occupies the site of a fort built in 1580 by the Mogul ruler Akbar; in 1765 it was acquired by the Sikhs. Gujrat was the scene of the final battle between the British and the Sikhs in the Sikh Wars 1845–49; the British subsequently annexed the Punjab.

This battle was the first in which surgeons used anaesthetics in the field to carry out amputations.