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Habsburg
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Habsburg (or Hapsburg)

European royal family, former imperial house of Austria-Hungary. A Habsburg, Rudolf I, became king of Germany in 1273 and began the family's control of Austria and Styria. They acquired a series of lands and titles, including that of Holy Roman Emperor which they held during 1273–91, 1298–1308, 1438–1740, and 1745–1806. The Habsburgs reached the zenith of their power under the emperor Charles V (1519–1556) who divided his lands, creating an Austrian Habsburg line (which ruled until 1918) and a Spanish line (which ruled to 1700).

The name comes from the family castle in Aargau, Switzerland.



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37) Especially between 1580 and 1640, when the Spanish Habsburgs assumed the crown of Portugal and hundreds or thousands of Portuguese conversos resettled in Spain, many Spaniards, both "Old" and "New" Christians, came to associate Portuguese ethnicity with crypto-Judaism, so much so that the adjective "Portuguese" (portugues/a) became a euphemism for "(crypto-) Jew" in colloquial Castilian usage.
Becoming Jewish in early modern France: documents on Jewish ... by Graizbord, David / Journal of Social History
For the Common Good retains value for the author's extensive archival research and his success in delineating some of the challenges and opportunities of urban politics under the regime of multiple overlapping authorities characteristic of the Spanish monarchy of the Habsburgs.
For the Common Good: Popular Politics in Barcelona, 1580-1640 by Boyden, James M. / Renaissance Quarterly
1) It is notable that in 2001, at a time when the royal biography is not an especially favored genre of professional historians, the Habsburgs can still be approached through that old-fashioned form of historical narrative, which is what Paula Sutter Fichtner has done in writing Emperor Maximilian II.
Meaning well: The curious life of a habsburg idealist. (Books) by Wolff, Larry / The National Interest
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