Hamilton, Gavin (1723–1798)

Scottish painter and antiquary who worked in Rome. He conducted excavations at Hadrian's villa at Tivoli and at Civita Vecchia. As a painter he produced large historical works in a neoclassical style based on that of Poussin, as in Hector's Farewell to Andromache (Holyrood, Scotland).

Born in Lanark, he studied painting under Masucci in Rome, where he principally lived. His influential study of Italian painting, Schola Italica Picturae, appeared 1773.