Hashemite dynasty

Arabian dynasty descended from the prophet Muhammad. Muhammad was himself a member of the house of Hashem, part of the Quraysh tribe. The line passed through the son of his daughter, Fatima, and her husband, Ali, and eventually created the hereditary kingdom of Mecca.

The modern Hashemite dynasty can be traced to the establishment, under British influence, of Transjordan (later Jordan) in 1921. After World War II a new treaty was signed with Britain and Abdullah ibn Hussein became the first Hashemite King of Transjordan in 1946. He was assassinated in 1951 and succeeded by his eldest son, Talal, who was deposed within a year because of a mental disorder. Talal was replaced by his son, Hussein ibn Talal, who represented the modern Hashemite dynasty and was succeeded in 1999 by his son Abdullah.