Mozarabic chant

One of the important branches of early Latin chant, also called Visigothic, and used in central and southern Spain during the Middle Ages. Liturgically it is associated with the Gallican and Ambrosian rites, pre-dating that of Rome and showing similarities with Eastern liturgies. Its music is found in manuscripts of the 8th–11th centuries, but mostly in undecipherable neumes. Only a few melodies survive in readable form. Roman chant and rite were imposed everywhere by 1076 except in Toledo, and in spite of the attempted revival under Cardinal Francisco de Cisneros (c. 1500), little of the musical tradition has been preserved.