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November 27
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27 November

27 November 8 BCRoman Empire [births and deaths]Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus), celebrated Roman lyric poet and satirist, dies (56).
27 November 511Frankish Kingdom [births and deaths]Clovis I, Merovingian founder of the Frankish kingdom, dies (c. 45).
27 November 1095France [Crusades (1095–1272)]At the council of Clermont, France, Pope Urban II proclaims the First Crusade, calling for the Holy Land to be freed from the Seljuk Turks and for there to be free access to Jerusalem for pilgrims. Participants are granted an indulgence (remission of penances due for sin).
27 November 1121Almohad Emirate, Almoravid Emirate [political events]Mohammad ibn-Tumart, the Berber prophet and leader of the Almohads of the Atlas Mountains, northwest Africa, is hailed as Mahdi (Muslim leader) by his followers and begins the conquest of the Almoravid territories in northwest Africa.
27 November 1121Poland, Pomerania [wars]With the capture of the city of Stettin (modern Szczecin), Boleslaw III, Duke of Poland, completes his conquest of Pomerania.
27 November 1226Germany, Holy Roman Empire [political events]The first league of Rhenish towns, directed against the archbishop of Mainz, Germany, is suppressed by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II.
27 November 1308Holy Roman Empire [elections]Henry IV, Count of Luxembourg, is elected Holy Roman Emperor.
27 November 1412Denmark, Norway, Sweden [births and deaths]Margaret I, regent of Denmark 1375–97, Norway 1380–89, and Sweden 1388–97, thereafter effective ruler of all three countries through her son Erik VIII, dies in Flensburg, now in Germany (c. 59).
27 November 1592Sweden, Poland-Lithuania [political events]King John III of Sweden dies; he is succeeded by his son Sigismund III Vasa, Catholic king of Poland, as King Sigismund I. The Lutheran clergy and nobility prepare to resist any attempts at re-Catholicization.
27 November 1792France, Savoy, Austrian Netherlands [trade]France annexes Savoy and Nice from the Kingdom of Savoy-Piedmont and opens the River Scheldt in the Austrian Netherlands to commerce.
27 November 1838Mexico, France [political events]A French force occupies the Mexican port of Veracruz in support of the claims for compensation of French victims of civil unrest in Mexico.
27 November 1874Israel, Poland, Russian Empire [births and deaths]Chaim Weizmann, first president of Israel 1949–52, born in Motol, Poland, then part of the Russian Empire (–1952).
27 November 1919Bulgaria [treaties]The Peace of Neuilly formally ends the war between the Allies and Bulgaria, with Bulgaria recognizing the independence of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and agreeing to pay reparations.
27 November 1921 [births and deaths]Alexander Dubcek, Czechoslovak communist leader 1968–69 whose liberal policies led to the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia (now the Czech and Slovak Republics), born in Uhrovec, Slovakia (–1992).
27 November 1926Italy, Albania [treaties]The Treaty of Tirana is agreed between Italy and Albania; Italy recognizes the status quo, but rapidly turns Albania into a virtual protectorate.
27 November 1942USA [births and deaths]Jimi Hendrix, US rock singer and influential guitarist, born in Seattle, Washington (–1970).
27–28 November 2005France [surgery]Surgeons in Amiens, France, perform the world's first face transplant on a woman patient badly disfigured in a dog attack.


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