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horse-racing - events| 1238 | Italy | The earliest reference is made to the Palio horse race in Siena, Italy. Similar horse races are held in other Italian cities, usually on important holy days, but it is only in Siena that the tradition survives through to modern times. | | 1664 | North America | Organized sport begins in the North American colonies with the establishment by New York's first governor, Richard Nicholls, of the Newmarket horse racing course at Hempstead Plains, Long Island. | | 1689–1724 | UK | The Byerley Turk, the Darley Arabian, and the Godolphin Arab, the horses from which all modern thoroughbreds are descended in the male line, are imported to England from the Middle East and north Africa. | | c. 1750 | UK | The Jockey Club is founded in England. | | 1780 | UK | The Derby is established at Epsom Downs, Surrey, by the 12th Earl of Derby. The first winner is Sir Charles Bunbury's horse Diomed, ridden by Sam Arnull. | | 26 February 1839 | UK | Lottery, ridden by Jem Mason, wins the inaugural Grand National horse race at Aintree, Liverpool, England. | | 10 May–11 June 1919 | USA | Sir Barton, ridden by US jockey Johnny Loftus, wins the Kentucky Derby, Preakness, and Belmont Stakes to become the first horse to win the US Triple Crown (though the term ‘triple crown’ is not applied to this feat until 1930). | | c. 1940 | UK | A restricted sports programme is permitted in Britain during the war.Horse racing takes place at a small number of courses. The Football League is divided into eight regional divisions. Football and rugby internationals are played between the Home Countries. | | 27 April 1943 | USA | Judy Johnson makes her debut as the first professional woman jockey in a steeplechase race at the Pimlico Racetrack, Baltimore, Maryland. She has been granted a licence by the Maryland Jockey Club because of the shortage of male jockeys resulting from their enlistment to the armed forces. | | 4 June 1949 | UK | For the first time photo-finish cameras are used to decide the winner of the Epsom Derby. Nimbus, ridden by Charlie Elliott, beats Amour Drake, ridden by Rae Johnstone, by a head. | | 1972 | UK | The British Jockey Club allows women jockeys to compete in horse racing for the first time, though only on the flat. | | 5 June 1993 | USA | The US jockey Julia Krone rides Colonial Affair to victory in the Belmont Stakes, New York, to become the first woman jockey to win a US Triple Crown race. |
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