hydroponics
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Soya beans being grown hydroponically. Hydroponics allows for the commercial cultivation of crops through the use of nutrient-enriched solutions instead of soil.
Cultivation of plants without soil, using specially prepared solutions of mineral salts. Beginning in the 1930s, large crops were grown by hydroponic methods, at first in California but since then in many other parts of the world.
Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), in 1860, and W Knop, in 1865, developed a system of plant culture in water whereby the relation of mineral salts to plant growth could be determined, but it was not until about 1930 that large crops could be grown. The term was first coined by US scientist William F Gericke in 1937.
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