leptospirosis

Any of several infectious diseases of domestic animals and humans caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, found in sewage and natural waters. One such disease in cattle causes abortion; in humans, eyes, liver, and kidneys may be affected; meningitis (inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain) is another symptom.

Leptospirosis can be transmitted to humans by rats and mice. The leptospira are carried in the kidneys, and transmitted via excreted urine in damp soils or water. For example, children may be infected if water from infected puddles splashes into their eyes. Many cases remain undiagnosed as symptoms may be no more serious than a mild dose of influenza. 1996 figures indicate that there are approximately 50 cases annually in the USA. If the symptoms become more serious, kidney and liver failure may result. The illness at this stage is called Weil's disease.