Ingolstadt

City in Bavaria, Germany, 69 km/43 mi northwest of Munich; population (2005 est) 121,300. Cars are manufactured in the city and oil, supplied by pipeline from the Italian ports of Genoa and Trieste, is refined here. Ingolstadt is on the River Danube, which was diverted to pass the town in 1363.

In 1392 the city became the seat of the Bavarian dukes, and during and after the Thirty Years' War (1618–48) it was an important fortress and prosperous trading centre. The city has many old churches, including the Gothic Liebfrauenmünster (1425), two castles (13th and 15th centuries), and Gothic and baroque houses.