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18 January| 18 January 1367 | Portugal [political events] | King Pedro I of Portugal dies and is succeeded by his son Ferdinand I. | | 18 January 1478 | Muscovy [wars] | Ivan III the Great, Prince of Muscovy, uses the pretext of contact with Lithuania as evidence of rebellion and sacks the merchant city and republic of Novgorod, deporting many boyar (noble) families. He incorporates the republic into Muscovy, now the undisputed suzerain of Russia. | | 18 January 1871 | Prussia, Germany [political events] | Following the defeat of Emperor Napoleon III of France in the Franco-Prussian War, King Wilhelm I of Prussia is proclaimed German emperor at Versailles in France, the North German Confederation having been enlarged to include all the German states except Austria-Hungary. | | 18 January 1882 | England [births and deaths] | A(lan) A(lexander) Milne, English author who creates Winnie-the-Pooh, born in London, England (–1956). | | 18 January 1904 | [births and deaths] | Cary Grant, British-born US film actor, born in Bristol, England (–1986). | | 18 January 1936 | England [births and deaths] | Rudyard Kipling, English novelist, short-story writer, and poet, dies in London, England (70). | | 18 January 1965 | USA [civil rights] | Protest marches begin in Selma, Alabama; civil-rights campaigners led by Martin Luther King, Jr, of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference demand that blacks be allowed to register as voters. Many marchers are repressed by local police. |
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