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Jinnah, Muhammad Ali |
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Jinnah, Muhammad Ali (1876-1948)Indian politician, Pakistan's first governor general from 1947. He was president of the Muslim League in 1916 and 1934-48, and by 1940 was advocating the need for a separate state of Pakistan. At the 1946 conferences in London he insisted on the partition of British India into Hindu and Muslim states. |
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The unpopular Dogra kingship of Maharajah Hari Singh set the stage for organized opposition when he took the throne in 1925, so local opposition leaders were courted by Nehru (a Kashmiri, though from Allahabad) and the Congress, and by Jinnah and the Muslim League. In fact, the greatest leaders of Indian independence--Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru (India's first Prime Minister) and Mohammad Ali Jinnah (Pakistan's first Governor General)--were all trained as lawyers in London. He describes how Pakistani leaders going back to the nation's founder, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, have struggled to build a national identity and have usually settled on only one unifying principle, Islam. |
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