Joinville, François Ferdinand Philippe Louis Marie (1818-1900)

French naval commander, third son of King Louis Philippe of France. After his father was deposed by the revolution of 1848, Joinville went to the USA, where he fought on the side of the Union in the Civil War. He later saw action in the Franco-Prussian War, and became a member of the French National Assembly in the 1870s.

Born at Neuilly, Joinville entered the navy as a boy and rose to become a lieutenant in 1836. During the French occupation of Morocco, he successfully bombarded Tangier in 1845 and occupied Mogador. His years in exile were spent first in England (with the rest of his family) and then in America. He returned incognito to France in 1870, and fought at Orléans. When his identity became known he was expelled by prime minister Léon Gambetta, but was later allowed to return. Joinville was interested in new inventions, and sponsored research by the French naval architect Dupuy de Lôme.