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2 June| 2 June 1793 | France [French Revolution] | The final overthrow of the Girondins by the Jacobins, and the arrest of the Girondin leader, Jacques Brissot, begins the Reign of Terror in France. | | 2 June 1818 | UK, India [colonization] | The leader of the Maratha confederacy in India, Baji Rao, the Peshwa of Poona, surrenders to the British forces of Francis Rawdon-Hastings, Marquess of Hastings and governor-general of Bengal. Britain annexes the Peshwa's lands, effectively destroying the Maratha Confederacy, the last significant rival to British domination of the subcontinent. | | 2 June 1840 | England [births and deaths] | Thomas Hardy, English novelist and poet, born in Bockhampton, Dorset, England (–1928). | | 2 June 1882 | Italy [births and deaths] | Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian soldier whose conquest of Sicily and Naples helped to unify Italy, dies in Caprera, Italy (74). | | 2 June 1932 | Germany [administration] | Franz von Papen, expelled from the Centre Party on becoming chancellor, forms a nonparty ‘cabinet of barons’ in Germany. | | 2 June 1953 | UK [television] | The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II is watched on televisions in homes and public places, such as church halls, by an estimated 20 million viewers in Britain. The event also stimulates the purchase of television sets. | | 2 June 2003 | [space exploration] | The spacecraft Mars Express, built by the European Space Agency (ESA), takes off from a launch pad in Kazakhstan carrying the Beagle 2 lander on its way to Mars. It is Europe's first exploration mission to another planet. |
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