| 5 June 1305 | Papal States, Italy [administration] | The French clergyman Bertrand de Got is elected Pope Clement V in Rome. |
| 5 June 1409 | France, Italy [diplomacy] | The Council of Pisa declares the deposition of Popes Benedict XIII of Avignon and Gregory XII of Rome. The latter holds a council at Cividale. |
| 5 June 1465 | Spain, Castile [wars] | A faction of nobles led by Alphonso Carillo, archbishop of Toledo, declares King Henry IV of Castile and León deposed in favour of his infant brother Alfonso in the ‘farce of Avila’. This decision, prompted by wrangling over the legitimacy of Henry's heir Joan ‘La Beltraneja/child of Beltran’, provokes civil war. |
| 5 June 1723 | Scotland [births and deaths] | Adam Smith, Scottish social philosopher known for his An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations on laissez-faire economics, born in Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland (–1790). |
| 5 June 1741 | France, Prussia, Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, Silesia, Habsburg Monarchy, Germany [treaties] | The Treaty of Breslau is signed between France and Prussia to partition the Holy Roman Empire, following the breakdown of King Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia's negotiations with the archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa. Prussia is to receive Breslau (now Wroclaw, Poland) and Lower Silesia and, in return, to recognize the elector Charles Albert of Bavaria as emperor and to recognize the Sulzbach family in the duchies of Jülich and Berg. |
| 5 June 1862 | France, Annam, Cochin-China [treaties] | The Treaty of Saigon is signed between France and Annam (part of modern Vietnam) by which France annexes half of Cochin-China (also part of modern Vietnam), which has been under blockade since 1858. |
| 5 June 1870 | Ottoman Empire [natural disasters] | A fire in Constantinople, in the Ottoman Empire, kills 900 people. |
| 5 June 1878 | Mexico [births and deaths] | Francisco ‘Pancho’ Villa, Mexican revolutionary who fights against the regimes of Porfirio Díaz and Victoriano Huerto, born in Hacienda de Rio Grande, Mexico (–1923). |
| 5 June 1883 | England [births and deaths] | John Maynard Keynes, English economist concerned with the causes and solutions of long-term unemployment, born in Cambridge, England (–1946). |
| 5 June 1885 | Africa, UK [colonization] | The British proclaim a protectorate in the Niger River region of West Africa. |
| 5 June 1929 | United Kingdom [political events] | Ramsay MacDonald forms a Labour government in Britain, with Arthur Henderson as foreign secretary, Philip Snowden as chancellor of the Exchequer, and John Clynes as home secretary. |
| 5 June 1947 | USA, Europe [diplomacy] | The US secretary of state, General George C Marshall, calls for a European Recovery Programme (the Marshall Plan) funded by the USA, to forestall the emergence of communist governments throughout the continent. |
| 5 June 1967 | Israel, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Iraq [Six Day War (1967)] | The Six Day War breaks out between Israel and the Arab states of the United Arab Republic (UAR) Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq. In pre-emptive air strikes Israel destroys over 300 enemy aircraft. |
| 5 June 1970 | France, USA [diplomacy] | France ends its 15-month boycott of the Western European Union (begun following a still-unresolved dispute over cooperation with the USA in European defence policy). |
| 5 June 1975 | Egypt [political events] | The Suez Canal is reopened by the Egyptian president, Anwar Sadat, following its eight-year closure because of Arab–Israeli hostilities. |
| 5–11 June 1977 | UK [fairs and festivals] | Jubilee week sees nationwide festivities as Britain celebrates 25 years of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II. |
| 5 June 1981 | UK [television] | Moira Stewart becomes the first black woman newsreader on British television. |
| 5 June 1982 | Middle East [political events] | Israeli armed forces invade Lebanon. On June 6 Israeli and Syrian forces clash in southern Lebanon, and the United Nations Security Council calls for a halt to the fighting. |
| 5 June 1991 | South Africa [political events] | South Africa ends discriminatory land legislation, dismantling the legal framework of apartheid. |
| 5 June 1993 | USA [horse-racing] | The US jockey Julia Krone rides Colonial Affair to victory in the Belmont Stakes, New York, to become the first woman jockey to win a US Triple Crown race. |
| 5 June 2004 | USA [births and deaths] | Ronald Reagan, former actor turned Republican politician and 40th President of the USA 1981–89, dies in California (93). |
