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Kangaroo Island| Island in the Southern Ocean, off the coast of South Australia, at the mouth of the Gulf of St Vincent, separated from Yorke Peninsula by Investigator Strait, 120 km/75 mi southwest of Adelaide; area 4,350 sq km/1,679 sq mi. It is the third-largest island off the Australian mainland and the main towns are Kingscote (population (1996) 1,529), American River, and Penneshaw. Tourism is a major industry, fishing is important, and the island produces ewe's milk and milk products. |
| The island is linked with the mainland by ferry and air. It has sheltered beaches as well as a rugged coastline, and it is rich in native flora and fauna. Shipwrecks off the coast are also a popular attraction. The island has strict pest and weed controls, and pure Italian bees are bred and exported to overseas apiarists. |
| The first European to visit Kangaroo Island was the Englishman Matthew Flinders, in 1802, followed in 1803 by the French explorer Nicholas Baudin. |
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