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base pair
(redirected from Kilobase)

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Acronyms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia 0.09 sec.

base pair

In biochemistry, the linkage of two base (purine or pyrimidine) molecules that join the complementary strands of DNA. Adenine forms a base pair with thymine (or uracil in RNA) and cytosine pairs with guanine in a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule.

One base lies on one strand of the DNA double helix and one on the other, so that the base pairs link the two strands like the rungs of a ladder. In DNA, there are four bases: adenine and guanine (purines) and cytosine and thymine (pyrimidines). Adenine always pairs with thymine and cytosine with guanine.

The sizes of genes and genomes are commonly cited in base pairs, for example the human genome consists of around 3 billion base pairs.



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The GeneChip Mapping 10K array proved highly sensitive and specific, allowing for detection of aberrations as small as 700 kilobases," said Dr Peter Nuernberg, Director of the Gene Mapping Center at the MaxDelbruck Center in Berlin and senior author on the publication.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 16 kilobases, circular, and encodes 13 protein, 22 tRNA and two rRNA genes.
In reality megabase deletions cannot be distinguished from kilobase deletions because of the size limitation of lambda phage to be packaged.
 
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