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Kokand| Oasis city in Fergana wiloyat (region) in eastern Uzbekistan, 160 km/99 mi southeast of Tashkent; population (1996) 176,000. Industries include the manufacture of fertilizers, cotton, and silk. Kokand lies on the southwestern fringe of the agriculturally important Fergana Valley, and is a major transportation hub for the region. |
| Kokand was the capital of the Kokand Khanate, which was established in 1740, and was the last Central Asian khanate to be annexed by Russia, in 1876. A settlement had existed on this site since the 10th century; the present city was founded as a fort in 1732 and was a major religious centre (with over 300 mosques) before the Soviet era. A nationalist uprising against the establishment of Soviet rule here in 1918 was suppressed brutally, with the slaughter of between 5,000 and 14,000 of the town's inhabitants. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and Uzbekistani independence, mosques and madrasahs (Muslim theological colleges) have reopened here. |
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| Then Russia conquered the Middle Horde by 1798, but the Senior Horde remained independent until the 1820s, when the expanding Kokand Khanate (in the Uzbek oasis region to the south of Kazakh steppes) forced the Senior Horde to choose Russian protection against the Uzbeks, which seemed to them the lesser of two evils. The leader of the Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan Almazbek Atambaev supported his party member Bakyt Beshimov who said that the incumbent authorities are building Kokand Khanate instead of building a democratic society in his interview for De Facto newspaper on Thursday. Kokand, a son of Mr Prospector, who stands at Camden Stud at a fee of $2,000, sired the winners of 42 races, with total earnings of $1,078,929 last year. |
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